Formulas:
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
1 % solution = 1 g / 100 ml
1 cup = 8 oz

A.
An 8 pound cat weighs how many kilograms?
8 lbs x 1 kg / 2.2 lbs = 3.6 kg

B.
A 20 pound dog should receive 5 mg / kg of drug A. Drug A comes in a concentration of 10 mg / ml. How many mls should the dog receive?
20 lbs x 1 kg / 2.2 lbs = 9.1 kg

9.1 kg x 5 mg / kg = 45.5 mg

45.5 mg x 1 ml / 10 mg = 4.6 ml

C.
If a dog produces 1 ounce of urine per pound a day, how many cups of urine will a 20 kilogram dog make in 24 hours?

20 kg x 2.2 lb / 1 kg = 44 lbs

1 oz / lb / day x 44 lbs = 44 oz / day

44 oz / day x 1 cup / 8 oz = 5.5 cups / day

D.
A dog needs to receive 1 mg / kg of drug X. Drug X comes in a 1 % solution. How many mls of drug X should a 15 lb dog receive?

15 lbs x 1 kg / 2.2 lbs = 6.8 kg (dog’s weight)

1 g / 100 ml x 1000 mg / 1 g = 10 mg / ml (drug X in mg / ml)

1 mg / kg x 6.8 kg x ml / 10 mg = 0.68 ml (mls of drug X to be given)